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EGNOS (European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service)
is Europe’s first venture into satellite navigation.
Its mission has been conceived to provide corrections
and integrity information over Europe for the two military
satellite navigation systems now operating, the US Global
Positioning System (GPS) and Russian Global Orbiting Navigation
Satellite System (GLONASS system), making them suitable for
safety critical applications such as civil aviation or ship
navigation through narrow channels.
Consisting of three geostationary satellites and a
network of ground stations, EGNOS achieves its aim by
the broadcast of a navigation signal (applicable to Europe
and in the future to neighbour countries) as an augmentation
of GPS, and potentially GLONASS performances. While GPS and
GLONASS positioning accuracy is in the order of 10 metres,
EGNOS provide positioning within 2 metres and also an
Integrity service which is fundamental for Safety of Life
applications.
EGNOS is a joint project of the European
Space Agency (ESA), the European Commission (EC)
and Eurocontrol, the European Organisation for the
Safety of Air Navigation. It is Europe’s programme in
the field of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)
and it is the precursor of Galileo, the second generation
global satellite navigation system under development in Europe.
EGNOS entered its pre-operational phase in 2005.
It is progressively being brought into fully operational
service and it will undergo certification for safety-of-life
applications during 2008 .
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